Machines and people have been working together for decades, perhaps more than you had thought, to keep University information technology systems running. The people operating punch card and tabulating machines, the majority of whom were women, most likely did not see their role as one of managing information technology.
Punch Cards for Data Processing
The Power of the Punch Card (and the Punch Card Operator) - UMN
UMN Libraries Staff, Author at UMN Libraries News & Events
The Power of the Punch Card (and the Punch Card Operator) - UMN
UMN Libraries Staff, Author at UMN Libraries News & Events
Punch Cards for Data Processing
Punch Cards for Data Processing
Washington Monday Journal, January 23, 1995
The Power of the Punch Card (and the Punch Card Operator) - UMN Libraries News & Events
Babbage and his machines - Carlo Randone - 14 dec 2015
National Museum of American History
Interfaces Volume 2 (2021), CHARLES BABBAGE INSTITUTE