Because CeO2 is remarkably insoluble in water and in dilute acid. It is commonly used as an abrasive; the powder is used in the grinding/polishing of other materials.
An unexpected phase transformation of ceria nanoparticles in aqueous media, Journal of Materials Research
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Full article: Effects of CeO2 nanoparticles on engine features, tribology behaviors, and environment
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Cerium-based nanostructured materials designed for various applications.