Researchers from INRA and their partners have studied the effects of oral exposure to titanium dioxide, an additive (E171) commonly used in foodstuffs, especially confectionery.
E171: EU watchdog says food colouring widely used in UK is unsafe, Food safety
Neurotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles
Impact of Polyphenol Interactions with Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Their Bioavailability and Antioxidant Activity
Review of Titanium Dioxide: Discussion Paper for Additional Endpoints
The combined effect of food additive titanium dioxide and lipopolysaccharide on mouse intestinal barrier function after chronic exposure of titanium dioxide-contained feedstuffs, Particle and Fibre Toxicology
(PDF) Characterization of Food-Grade Titanium Dioxide: The Presence of Nanosized Particles
Health effects due to titanium nanoparticles in food and toothpaste cannot be excluded
Tio2 Stock Illustrations – 47 Tio2 Stock Illustrations, Vectors & Clipart - Dreamstime
The countdown to phase out E171 in EU foods has begun
Safety assessment of titanium dioxide (E171) as a food additive - - 2021 - EFSA Journal - Wiley Online Library